This Day in History

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY March 02 1955 Fifteen-year-old Claudette Colvin refuses to give up her seat on a segregated bus A full nine months before Rosa Parks's famous act of civil disobedience, 15-year-old Claudette Colvin is arrested on March 2, 1955 for refusing to give up her seat on a segregated Montgomery, Alabama bus. Colvin was traveling home from scho... read more 19th Century 1836 Texas declares independence American Revolution 1776 The Siege of Boston Art, Literature, and Film History 1904 Dr. Seuss born Cold War 1969 Soviet Union and Chinese armed forces clash Crime 1929 Congress passes the Jones Act 1978 Grave robbers steal Charlie Chaplin’s body Inventions & Science 1966 Ford celebrates 1 millionth Mustang Slavery 1807 Congress abolishes the African slave trade Space Exploration 1972 Pioneer 10 launched to Jupiter Sports 1962 Wilt Chamberlain scores 100 points Vietnam War 1967 Bobby Kennedy proposes plan to end the war World War I 1917 Puerto Ricans become U.S. citizens, are recruited for war effort World War II 1943 The Battle of the Bismarck Sea 1944 Train passengers suffocate

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY March 03 1887 Helen Keller meets Anne Sullivan, her teacher and “miracle worker” On March 3, 1887, Anne Sullivan begins teaching six-year-old Helen Keller, who lost her sight and hearing after a severe illness at the age of 19 months. Under Sullivan’s tutelage, including her pioneering “touch teaching” techniques, Keller flourished, eventually graduating from college and becomin... read more 1990s 1991 LAPD officers beat Rodney King on camera 19th Century 1879 United States Geological Survey created Art, Literature, and Film History 1915 “Birth of a Nation” opens in New York 1931 "The Star-Spangled Banner" becomes official U.S. national anthem Civil War 1863 Congress passes Civil War Conscription Act 1865 Freedmen’s Bureau created Cold War 1952 Supreme Court rules on communist teachers Natural Disasters & Environment 1974 Faulty door dooms plane Slavery 1820 Congress passes the Missouri Compromise Sports 1875 First indoor game of ice hockey U.S. Presidents 1845 Congress overrides presidential veto for first time 1877 Rutherford B. Hayes is inaugurated in a private ceremony Vietnam War 1965 Ho Chi Minh Trail World War I 1918 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk concluded World War II 1945 Finland declares war on Germany

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY March 04 1933 FDR inaugurated On March 4, 1933, at the height of the Great Depression, Franklin Delano Roosevelt is inaugurated as the 32nd president of the United States. In his famous inaugural address, delivered outside the east wing of the U.S. Capitol, Roosevelt outlined his “New Deal”—an expansion of the federal government... read more American Revolution 1776 American forces occupy Dorchester Heights Art, Literature, and Film History 1952 Ernest Hemingway finishes "The Old Man and the Sea" 1960 Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz divorce 1966 John Lennon sparks his first major controversy 1994 John Candy dies Civil War 1861 Abraham Lincoln inaugurated Crime 1944 Louis “Lepke” Buchalter, the head of Murder, Inc., is executed 2005 Martha Stewart is released from prison EARLY U.S. 1789 Government under the U.S. Constitution begins Sports 1990 College basketball star Hank Gathers collapses on court, dies 2004 Mianne Bagger becomes first transgender athlete to play in pro golf tournament U.S. Presidents 1829 Andrew Jackson holds “open house” at the White House 1952 Ronald Reagan and Nancy Davis marry World War I 1918 First cases reported in deadly 1918 flu pandemic

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY March 05 1770 The Boston Massacre On the cold, snowy night of March 5, 1770, a mob of American colonists gathers at the Customs House in Boston and begins taunting the British soldiers guarding the building. The protesters, who called themselves Patriots, were protesting the occupation of their city by British troops, who were sent ... read more 1960s 1960 Iconic photo of Che Guevara taken Art, Literature, and Film History 1839 Charlotte Brontë declines marriage 1966 Staff Sergeant Barry Sadler hits #1 with “Ballad of the Green Berets” Cold War 1946 Churchill delivers Iron Curtain speech Crime 1969 Jim Morrison is charged with lewd behavior at a Miami concert Inventions & Science 1929 David Buick dies 1963 Hula Hoop patented Sports 1966 Marvin Miller elected first full-time MLB Players Association executive director U.S. Presidents 1868 Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson begins World War II 1953 Joseph Stalin dies

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY March 06 1899 Bayer patents aspirin The German company Bayer patents aspirin on March 6, 1899. Now the most common drug in household medicine cabinets, acetylsalicylic acid was originally made from a chemical found in the bark of willow trees. In its primitive form, the active ingredient, salicin, was used for centuries in folk medici... read more 1980s 1981 Walter Cronkite signs off as anchorman of "CBS Evening News" 1987 Ferry sinks in Belgium, 188 people drown 19th Century 1836 The Battle of the Alamo comes to an end American Revolution 1776 New York demands Sandy Hook lighthouse be dismantled Art, Literature, and Film History 1475 Michelangelo is born 1986 Georgia O'Keeffe dies 2001 The death spiral of Napster begins Cold War 1951 The espionage trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg begins 1953 Georgy Malenkov succeeds Stalin European History 1983 Helmut Kohl elected West German chancellor Sports 1902 Real Madrid founded U.S. Government and Politics 1857 Supreme Court rules in Dred Scott case U.S. Presidents 1820 President Monroe signs the Missouri Compromise World War II 1945 Dutch Resistance ambushes SS officer

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY March 07 1965 Civil rights protesters beaten in “Bloody Sunday” attack On March 7, 1965, in Selma, Alabama, a 600-person civil rights demonstration ends in violence when marchers are attacked and beaten by white state troopers and sheriff’s deputies. The day's events became known as "Bloody Sunday." The demonstrators—led by civil rights... read more American Revolution 1777 Five letters pass between Abigail and John Adams Art, Literature, and Film History 1923 “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” is published 1988 Writers Guild of America strike begins 1999 Stanley Kubrick dies 2010 Kathryn Bigelow becomes the first female director to win an Oscar Civil War 1862 Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), Arkansas Crime 2002 Defense rests in Andrea Yates trial Inventions & Science 1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone Vietnam War 1966 U.S. jets launch heaviest air raids of the war World War II 1936 Hitler reoccupies the Rhineland, violating the Treaty of Versailles 1941 British forces arrive in Greece

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY March 08 1917 February Revolution begins, leading to the end of czarist rule in Russia In Russia, the February Revolution (known as such because of Russia’s use of the Julian calendar) begins on March 8, 1917 when riots and strikes over the scarcity of food erupt in Petrograd. One week later, centuries of czarist rule in Russia ended with the abdication of Nicholas II, and Russia took... read more 21st Century 2014 Malaysia Airlines flight vanishes with more than 200 people aboard African History 1957 Egypt opens the Suez Canal American Revolution 1782 Pennsylvania militiamen murder Patriot allies Art, Literature, and Film History 1993 "Beavis and Butt-Head" premieres on MTV Crime 1951 The Lonely Hearts Killers are executed Inventions & Science 1950 VW bus, icon of counterculture movement, goes into production Natural Disasters & Environment 1669 Mount Etna begins rumbling Sports 1971 Ali battles Frazier in "Fight of the Century" for heavyweight championship U.S. Presidents 1983 Reagan refers to U.S.S.R. as “evil empire” again Vietnam War 1965 U.S. Marines land at Da Nang World War II 1942 Dutch surrender on Java

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY March 09 1959 The Barbie doll makes its debut On March 9, 1959, the first Barbie doll goes on display at the American Toy Fair in New York City. Eleven inches tall, with a waterfall of blond hair, Barbie was the first mass-produced toy doll in the United States with adult features. The woman behind Barbie was Ruth Handler, who co-founded Mattel... read more American Revolution 1781 Spanish siege of Pensacola begins Art, Literature, and Film History 1996 Comedian George Burns dies at age 100 Civil War 1862 U.S.S. Monitor battles C.S.S. Virginia Crime 1997 Rapper Notorious B.I.G. is killed in Los Angeles EARLY 20th CENTURY U.S. 1916 Pancho Villa attacks Columbus, New Mexico European History 1918 Russian Bolshevik Party becomes the Communist Party Inventions & Science 1985 First Adopt-a-Highway sign goes up Natural Disasters & Environment 1981 Japanese power plant leaks radioactive waste Slavery 1841 Supreme Court rules on Amistad slave ship mutiny case Sports 1979 Lawsuit prompts MLB to allow locker room access to female reporters U.S. Presidents 1954 President Eisenhower criticizes Senator Joseph McCarthy Vietnam War 1970 Marines hand over control of I Corps region World War I 1916 Germany declares war on Portugal World War II 1945 Firebombing of Tokyo

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY March 10 1959 Tibetans revolt against Chinese occupation On March 10, 1959, Tibetans band together in revolt, surrounding the summer palace of the Dalai Lama in defiance of Chinese occupation forces. China’s occupation of Tibet began nearly a decade before, in October 1950, when troops from its People’s Liberation Army (PLA) invaded the country, barely on... read more 19th Century 1864 Montana vigilantes hang Jack Slade 1876 First speech transmitted by telephone Art, Literature, and Film History 1926 First Book-of-the-Month Club selection is published 1988 Disco sensation Andy Gibb dies at the age of 30 1997 “Buffy the Vampire Slayer” premieres on the WB Cold War 1948 Czech diplomat Jan Masaryk dies under strange circumstances Crime 1993 Dr. David Gunn is murdered by anti-abortion activist European History 1906 Mine explosion kills 1,060 in France Sports 2006 Cuba plays in World Baseball Classic U.S. Presidents 1864 President Lincoln signs Ulysses S. Grant’s commission to command the U.S. Army Vietnam War 1970 Army captain charged with My Lai war crimes World War I 1917 Turkish troops begin evacuation of Baghdad World War II 1945 The Firebombing of Tokyo continues

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY March 11 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster On March 11, 2011, the largest earthquake ever recorded in Japan causes massive devastation, and the ensuing tsunami decimates the Tōhoku region of northeastern Honshu. On top of the already-horrific destruction and loss of life, the natural disaster also gives rise to a nuclear disaster at the Fuku... read more 21st Century 2020 President Trump addresses the nation on COVID-19; announces travel ban American Revolution 1779 Congress establishes the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers