This Day in History

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 5 1946 Bikini introduced On July 5, 1946, French designer Louis Réard unveils a daring two-piece swimsuit at the Piscine Molitor, a popular swimming pool in Paris. Parisian showgirl Micheline Bernardini modeled the new fashion, which Réard dubbed "bikini," inspired by a news-making U.S. atomic test that took p... read more 19th Century 1865 Salvation Army founded 1970s 1978 "Gang of 19" activists occupy Denver intersection to protest inaccessibility on the city’s bus system 21st Century 2003 World Health Organization declares SARS contained worldwide American Revolution 1775 Congress adopts Olive Branch Petition Art, Literature, and Film History 1880 George Bernard Shaw quits his job 1954 Elvis Presley records "That's All Right (Mama)" Crime 1921 Chicago White Sox accused of throwing World Series Inventions & Science 1996 Dolly the sheep becomes first successfully cloned mammal Korea 1950 First U.S. fatality in the Korean War Sports 1975 Arthur Ashe becomes the first Black man to win Wimbledon U.S. Presidents 1865 Conspirators court-martialed for plotting to kill Lincoln, Grant and Andrew Johnson World War I 1914 Germany gives Austria-Hungary "blank check" assurance

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 6 1957 Althea Gibson is first African American to win Wimbledon On July 6, 1957, Althea Gibson claims the women's singles tennis title at Wimbledon and becomes the first African American to win a championship at London's All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Gibson was born on August 25, 1927, in Silver, South Carolina, and raised in the Harlem section of Ne... read more Africa 1967 Civil war breaks out in Nigeria American Revolution 1775 Congress issues a "Declaration on the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms" Art, Literature, and Film History 1862 Mark Twain begins reporting in Virginia City 1957 John Lennon meets Paul McCartney for the first time 1994 "Forrest Gump" opens, wins Tom Hanks a second Oscar Crime 1946 George "Bugs" Moran is arrested Early 20th Century U.S. 1944 Fire engulfs circus big top in Hartford, killing 167 Holocaust 1942 Anne Frank's family takes refuge Religion 1935 Dalai Lama, leader of Tibet, is born Sports 1933 Major League Baseball's first All-Star Game is held U.S. Presidents 1946 George Walker Bush is born Women's History 1976 Women inducted into U.S. Naval Academy for the first time

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 7 1930 Building of Hoover Dam begins On July 7, 1930, construction of the Hoover Dam begins. Over the next five years, a total of 21,000 men would work ceaselessly to produce what would be the largest dam of its time, as well as one of the largest manmade structures in the world. Although the dam would take only five years to build, it... read more Civil War 1863 Kit Carson begins his campaign against Native Americans Cold War 1983 11-year-old Samantha Smith leaves for visit to the USSR Crime 1865 Mary Surratt is first woman executed by U.S. federal government Great Britain 2005 Terrorists attack London transit system at rush hour Sports 1912 Jim Thorpe begins Olympic triathlon 2019 U.S. women's soccer team wins record 4th World Cup title U.S. Presidents 1946 Future President Jimmy Carter marries U.S. Government 1981 Sandra Day O'Connor nominated to Supreme Court Vietnam War 1969 First U.S. troops withdrawn from South Vietnam Westward Expansion 1900 Warren Earp killed in Arizona Women's History 1976 Female cadets enrolled at West Point World War I 1917 British Women's Auxiliary Army Corps is officially established World War II 1942 Himmler decides to begin medical experiments on Auschwitz prisoners

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 8 1776 Liberty Bell tolls to announce Declaration of Independence On July 8, 1776, a 2,000-pound copper-and-tin bell now known as the “Liberty Bell” rings out from the tower of the Pennsylvania State House (now Independence Hall) in Philadelphia, summoning citizens to the first public reading of the... read more EUROPE 1951 Paris celebrates 2,000th birthday 1990s 1994 North Korea's "Great Leader" dies 19th Century 1853 Commodore Perry sails into Tokyo Bay Cold War 1954 Colonel Castillo Armas takes power in Guatemala Crime 1928 A spiteful son kills four in a fit of rage Korea 1950 MacArthur named Korean commander Vietnam War 1959 First Americans killed in South Vietnam Westward Expansion 1898 Soapy Smith killed in Skagway, Alaska World War I 1918 Ernest Hemingway wounded on the Italian front World War II 1941 German general's diary reveals Hitler's plans for Russia

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 9 1877 Wimbledon tournament begins On July 9, 1877, the All England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club begins its first lawn tennis tournament at Wimbledon, then an outer-suburb of London. Twenty-one amateurs showed up to compete in the Gentlemen's Singles tournament, the only event at the first Wimbledon. The winner was to take home a 25-... read more 1990s 1993 Romanov remains identified using DNA American Revolution 1777 New York elects its first governor Art, Literature, and Film History 1918 William Faulkner joins the Royal Air Force 1962 Bob Dylan records "Blowin' In The Wind" Cold War 1960 Soviet Premier Khrushchev and President Eisenhower trade threats over Cuba Crime 1996 A family is brutally attacked on a walk in England NATIVE AMERICAN HISTORY 2020 Supreme Court rules in McGirt v. Oklahoma Russia 1762 Catherine the Great assumes power Sports 2000 Venus Williams wins Wimbledon for the first time U.S. Presidents 1850 President Zachary Taylor dies unexpectedly Vietnam War 1971 United States turns over responsibility for the DMZ Westward Expansion 1846 U.S. takes San Francisco from Mexico Women's History 1947 First female army officer is appointed World War I 1915 Germans surrender Southwest Africa to Union of South Africa World War II 1941 Enigma key broken

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 10 1925 Scopes Monkey Trial begins In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called Scopes Monkey Trial begins with John Thomas Scopes, a young high school science teacher, accused of teaching evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law. The law, which had been passed in March, made it a misdemeanor punishable by fine to "teach any theory tha... read more 1980s 1985 A bomb sinks the Rainbow Warrior, Greenpeace's flagship vessel 21st Century 2018 Last of Thai soccer team rescued from cave Crime 1889 "Buckskin" Frank Leslie murders a prostitute 1992 The Exxon Valdez captain's conviction is overturned Inventions & Science 1962 U.S. patent issued for three-point seatbelt Natural Disasters & Environment 1887 Dam collapses in Switzerland, kills 70 U.S. Presidents 1850 Millard Fillmore sworn in as 13th U.S. president World War II 1940 The Battle of Britain begins 1943 Allies land on Sicily

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 11 1804 Aaron Burr slays Alexander Hamilton in duel In one of the most famous duels in American history, Vice President Aaron Burr fatally shoots his long-time political antagonist Alexander Hamilton. Hamilton, a leading Federalist and the chief architect of America's political economy, died the following day. Alexander Hamilton, born on the... read more 1970s 1978 Gas fire incinerates crowded campsite, killing hundreds American Revolution 1782 British evacuate Savannah, Georgia Art, Literature, and Film History 1960 "To Kill a Mockingbird" published Black History 1905 Members of the Niagara Movement meet for the first time Civil War 1861 Union notches a victory at the Battle of Rich Mountain Cold War 1945 Soviets agree to hand over power in West Berlin Religion 1656 First Quaker colonists land at Boston Space Exploration 1979 Skylab crashes to Earth Sports 1914 Babe Ruth makes MLB debut U.S. Presidents 1767 John Quincy Adams is born U.S. Government 1995 U.S. establishes diplomatic relations with Vietnam World War I 1918 German command makes final plans for renewed offensive on the Western Front World War II 1944 Hitler is paid a visit by his would-be assassin

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 12 1984 Geraldine Ferraro named vice presidential candidate Walter Mondale, the leading Democratic presidential candidate, announces that he has chosen Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York as his running mate. Ferraro, a daughter of Italian immigrants, had previously gained recognition as a vocal advocate of women's rights in Congress. Ferra... read more Art, Literature, and Film History 1389 Geoffrey Chaucer is named chief clerk by Richard II 1979 Disco is dealt death blow by fans of the Chicago White Sox Civil War 1861 Confederacy signs treaties with Native Americans Cold War 1990 Boris Yeltsin resigns from Communist Party Crime 1963 The Moors Murderers begin their killing spree Inventions & Science 1933 First Dymaxion car produced U.S. Presidents 1957 Eisenhower takes first presidential ride in a helicopter U.S. Government 1862 Medal of Honor created Vietnam War 1965 First Marine to receive Medal of Honor for action in Vietnam is killed 1966 North Vietnam urged to treat U.S. POWs better Westward Expansion 1861 Wild Bill Hickok's first gunfight World War II 1943 Russians halt German advance in a decisive battle at Kursk

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 13 2013 The hashtag #BlackLivesMatter first appears, sparking a movement Outraged and saddened after the acquittal of George Zimmerman, the Florida man who killed a Black teenager in 2012, Oakland, California resident Alicia Garza posts a message on Facebook on July 13, 2013. Her post contains the phrase "Black lives matter," which soon becomes a rally... read more Art, Literature, and Film History 1985 Live Aid concert raises $127 million for famine relief in Africa 1990 "Ghost" opens in theaters Black History 2015 Sandra Bland dies in jail after traffic stop confrontation Crime 1955 Last woman hanged for murder in Great Britain France 1793 Charlotte Corday assassinates French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat Inventions & Science 1978 Henry Ford II fires Lee Iacocca Sports 1930 First World Cup U.S. Presidents 1960 John F. Kennedy nominated for presidency Vietnam War 1969 George Wallace criticizes President Nixon's handling of the war Westward Expansion 1787 Congress enacts the Northwest Ordinance World War II 1943 Largest tank battle in history ends

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 14 1789 French revolutionaries storm the Bastille Parisian revolutionaries and mutinous troops storm and dismantle the Bastille, a royal fortress and prison that had come to symbolize the tyranny of the Bourbon monarchs. This dramatic action signaled the beginning of the French Revolution, a decade of political turmoil and terror in which King Loui... read more Cold War 1963 Rupture between USSR and China grows worse Crime 1881 Billy the Kid is shot to death 1966 A mass murderer leaves eight women dead HISPANIC HISTORY 1970 Young Lords occupy Lincoln Hospital in the Bronx Religion 1099 Jerusalem captured in First Crusade Sports 1968 Hank Aaron hits 500th homer TERRORISM 2016 Terrorist drives truck through a Bastille Day celebration U.S. Presidents 1913 Future President Gerald R. Ford is born U.S. Government 1798 Sedition Act becomes federal law Westward Expansion 1882 Gunfighter John Ringo found dead World War I 1918 Quentin Roosevelt, Theodore Roosevelt's youngest son, is killed

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 15 2006 Twitter launches On July 15, 2006, the San Francisco-based podcasting company Odeo officially releases Twttr—later changed to Twitter—its short messaging service (SMS) for groups, to the public. Born as a side project apart from Odeo's main podcasting platform, the free application allowed users to share short stat... read more American Revolution 1789 Lafayette selected colonel-general of the National Guard of Paris Art, Literature, and Film History 1986 Columbia Records drops country legend Johnny Cash after 26 years 1988 "Die Hard" debuts, makes Bruce Willis a movie star Crime 1953 A notorious English killer is executed 1997 Fashion designer Gianni Versace murdered by Andrew Cunanan in killing spree Exploration 1806 Pike expedition sets out across the American Southwest Inventions & Science 1903 Ford Motor Company takes its first order Space Exploration 1965 Mariner 4 studies Martian surface NATIVE AMERICAN HISTORY 1978 2,800 mile-long walk for Native American justice concludes in Washington, D.C. U.S. Presidents 1971 Nixon announces visit to communist China 1979 Jimmy Carter speaks about a national "crisis in confidence" U.S. Politics 1964 Senator Barry Goldwater nominated for president World War I 1918 Second Battle of the Marne begins with final German offensive

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 16 1945 The first atomic bomb test is successfully exploded On July 16, 1945, at 5:29:45 a.m., the Manhattan Project comes to an explosive end as the first atom bomb is successfully tested in Alamogordo, New Mexico. Plans for the creation of a uranium bomb by the Allies were established as early as 1939, when Italian emigre physicist Enrico Fermi met with U.... read more 1990s 1995 Amazon opens for business 1999 JFK Jr. killed in plane crash American Revolution 1779 Anthony Wayne launches risky attack against British forces Art, Literature, and Film History 1951 "Catcher in the Rye" is published Civil War 1863 Draft riots continue to rock New York City Crime 1979 Jeffrey MacDonald is accused of stabbing his family to death Inventions & Science 1935 World's first parking meter installed Natural Disasters & Environment 1990 Earthquake wreaks havoc in the Philippines Religion 1769 First Catholic mission in California dedicated Space Exploration 1969 Apollo 11 departs Earth U.S. Presidents 1973 Existence of Watergate tapes is revealed in live testimony 2002 President Bush unveils strategy for homeland security U.S. Government 1790 Congress declares Washington, D.C. new capital World War I 1918 Romanov family executed, ending a 300-year imperial dynasty

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY July 17 1955 Disneyland opens Disneyland, Walt Disney's metropolis of nostalgia, fantasy and futurism, opens on July 17, 1955. The $17 million theme park was built on 160 acres of former orange groves in Anaheim, California, and soon brought in staggering profits. Today, Disneyland hosts more than 18 million visitors a year, who... read more 1990s 1996 Flight 800 explodes over Long Island 21st Century 2014 Eric Garner dies in NYPD chokehold 2014 Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 shot down over the Ukraine-Russia border Art, Literature, and Film History 1967 Jimi Hendrix drops out as opening act for The Monkees Civil Rights Movement 2020 Congressman and civil rights leader John Lewis dies Exploration 1938 Douglas "Wrong Way" Corrigan crosses the Atlantic Inventions & Science 1920 Three-point seatbelt inventor Nils Bohlin born Space Exploration 1975 Superpowers meet in space Sports 1941 Joe DiMaggio ends 56-game hitting streak U.S. Presidents 1945 President Harry Truman records his impressions of meeting Stalin Westward Expansion 1763 John Jacob Astor is born World War II 1944 An ammunition ship explodes in the Port Chicago disaster 1945 Potsdam Conference begins