We have TWO QUESTIONS. 1. Was the Son of God present through all eternity past, without beginning? 2. Is the Son of God present in all places now and since the beginning of the creation?
If you are citing Micah 5:2, here are my comments on passage.
Micah 5:2 “But you, O Bethlehem of Ephrathah, who are one of the little clans of Judah, from you shall come forth for me one who is to rule in Israel, whose origin is from of old, from ancient days.” NRS
Micah 5:2 “. . . . whose goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting.” KJV
The words “from everlasting” are sited by those who believe that the Son of God had no beginning, but instead has always existed. They believe that He was one of three co-eternal divine persons who together make up “God”.
The Hebrew translated “goings forth” in the KJV (Strong’s #4163) means “origin.” This would mean that Christ originated from something, someone, or somewhere.
God the FATHER has no origin.
Jesus said, “I proceeded forth and came from God” (John 8:42). “I came forth from the Father (John 16:28).
From The Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament by Harris, Archer, Waltke who give the meaning of “everlasting” as simply “most distant times.”
The word translated “everlasting” (#5769) is from a root word meaning “to hide,” thus pointing to what is hidden in the distant future or in the distant past. When the word is used to refer to the past, it generally points to the far distant past, but rarely to a limitless past.
In Deut. 32:7 and Job 22:15 the word may refer to the time of one’s elders. In Prov. 22:28; 23:10; Jer. 6:16; 18:15; 28:8 it points back somewhat farther. In Isa. 58:12, 61:4; Mic. 7:14; Mal. 3:4, and in the Aramaic of Ezra 4:15, 19, it clearly refers to the time just before the exile. In 1Sam. 27:8; in Isa. 51:9 and 63:9, 11, it refers to events of the exodus from Egypt. In Gen. 6:4, it points to the time shortly before the flood. None of these references has in it the idea of endlessness or limitlessness, but each points to a time long before the immediate knowledge of those living.
My personal understanding is that time began with the Son - when He was begotten. He was the beginning (Jn. 1:1), and He calls Himself “the Beginning” (Rev. 3:14, 21:6, 22:13).